Understanding Kidney Filtering: A Look at Dialysis
Dialysis is a life-saving medical treatment that takes over the essential functions of the kidneys when they are no longer able to do so effectively. This treatment is often necessary for individuals suffering from Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) or Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).
The Two Main Dialysis Methods
There are two primary types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Each method has distinct advantages and drawbacks.
Hemodialysis (HD)
Hemodialysis involves using a machine to filter waste and excess fluids from the blood outside the body. This treatment is usually performed at a dialysis center, requiring visits multiple times per week. Although hemodialysis provides highly effective blood cleansing, it can reduce patient autonomy due to its technology-intensive nature and frequent center visits.
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)
Peritoneal dialysis, on the other hand, uses the lining of the abdomen as a natural filter. This method can be performed at home daily, offering more flexibility and independence. Peritoneal dialysis is favored for its simplicity, ability to be performed at home, better preservation of residual kidney function, and adaptability to emergencies, which contributes to better patient autonomy and quality of life.
Making the Right Choice
The choice between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis depends on individual patient factors such as age, comorbidities, lifestyle, and support systems. Both require careful medical supervision to optimize outcomes and minimize complications.
Preparing for Dialysis
Mental preparation for dialysis involves educating oneself about the dialysis process and considering joining support groups to connect with others going through similar experiences. Physical preparation includes ensuring a proper access point for dialysis and working with a dietitian to understand what foods to include or avoid.
Managing Risks and Side Effects
Understanding the risks associated with dialysis is essential, such as infection, low blood pressure, muscle cramps, electrolyte imbalance, bone disease, depression, anxiety, and social isolation. Managing side effects effectively requires open communication with healthcare professionals and regular follow-ups and adjustments to treatment plans.
Building a Support System
Building a support system is vital for anyone undergoing dialysis, including involving family and friends, maintaining open communication with healthcare team, and joining support groups. Resources and support options for patients and families include support groups, counseling services, educational resources, and family and caregiver support.
Improving Quality of Life
Dialysis can help manage symptoms of kidney failure like fatigue, swelling, shortness of breath, nausea, confusion, and electrolyte imbalances. Furthermore, it can improve energy levels, quality of life, and allow patients to participate in activities they enjoy.
[1] National Kidney Foundation. (2021). Peritoneal Dialysis. https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/peritoneal-dialysis
[2] National Kidney Foundation. (2021). Hemodialysis. https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/hemodialysis
[3] National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2021). Chronic Kidney Disease. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease
[4] National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2021). Acute Kidney Injury. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/acute-kidney-injury
[5] American Kidney Fund. (2021). Dialysis Options. https://www.kidneyfund.org/kidney-disease/dialysis/dialysis-options.html
Science inevitably plays a crucial role in managing medical-conditions such as chronic diseases like Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), as it provides life-saving treatments like dialysis. In the context of health-and-wellness, understanding the two main dialysis methods – hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis – is essential for individuals diagnosed with these conditions. Each method has its own unique advantages and drawbacks, with hemodialysis being performed at a dialysis center multiple times per week and peritoneal dialysis being home-based and offering more flexibility.
