Trichomoniasis: Common STI Often Without Symptoms
Trichomoniasis, often referred to as 'trich,' is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. Although it can cause symptoms such as unusual vaginal discharge, pain during urination, and genital irritation, up to 85% of cases are asymptomatic, particularly in men.
Trichomoniasis can be diagnosed through a physical exam, samples of vaginal fluid, urethral discharge, or urine, and even through at-home testing. It is curable with antibiotics like metronidazole, secnidazole, or tinidazole. Symptoms can include itching, foul-smelling yellow-green frothy discharge, pain during urination, and genital irritation or burning. However, many infected individuals may not experience any symptoms at all.
The infection is transmitted through genital contact during sex or shared sex toys. It can cause genital or urinary infections and increase the risk of contracting other STIs, including HIV. Complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, and preterm delivery can occur in pregnancy. Prompt diagnosis and treatment during pregnancy can prevent these complications.
Trichomoniasis is more common in people who have vaginas. While it can cause discomfort and increase the risk of other STIs, it is treatable with antibiotics. Regular sexual health check-ups are recommended to ensure early detection and treatment.
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