Prolonged sitting found to lead to brain atrophy and heightened dementia risk - Prolonged Sitting Reduces Brain Size and Increases Risk of Dementia (According to Research)
Prolonged sitting may lead to Brain Shrinkage, Increased Dementia Risk
A new study has shown that extended periods of sitting, particularly among adults over 50, can have long-term detrimental effects on brain health, cognitive performance, and significantly increase the risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.
The Impact on Brain Health and Structure
Prolonged sedentary behavior, such as sitting for prolonged periods, has been linked to shrinkage in brain regions crucial for memory and Alzheimer's disease, notably the hippocampus, which plays a vital role in memory processing[1][2][4]. This shrinkage occurs over several years of extended sitting and is observable even in older adults who consistently meet exercise guidelines[1][2][4].
The reduction in brain volume is associated with impaired blood flow, increased inflammation, and neurodegenerative processes, supporting the development of cerebral and systemic vascular dysfunction[3][5].
Effect on Cognitive Performance
Research has shown that prolonged sitting correlates with worse cognitive outcomes, including declines in memory and other cognitive functions[1][2][4]. This cognitive decline due to sedentary behavior occurs independently of physical exercise. Even individuals who exercise regularly but still spend extensive amounts of time sitting exhibit deteriorated cognitive function and brain shrinkage[1][2][4][5].
This suggests that regular exercise may not fully counterbalance the adverse brain effects of prolonged sitting.
Increased Risk of Dementia
Sedentary behavior is closely linked to an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease, especially in individuals carrying the APOE-e4 allele, a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's[1][4]. The effects of sedentary time on brain shrinkage and cognitive decline are more pronounced in APOE-e4 carriers, indicating a genetic vulnerability that exacerbates the risk associated with prolonged sitting[1][4].
Strategies to Mitigate Risks
Breaking up sitting time with short bouts of movement or "active sitting" (e.g., standing or light activity breaks) may help maintain blood flow and protect brain health[5]. It's essential to reduce overall sedentary time rather than only meeting exercise guidelines to preserve cognitive function and minimize dementia risk[1][2][4].
In summary, prolonged sitting can have detrimental effects on brain structure and function, leading to cognitive decline and increased dementia risk. These effects are not fully offset by regular exercise. Reducing sedentary time throughout the day is crucial for maintaining brain health, particularly in those genetically predisposed to Alzheimer's disease[1][2][3][4][5].
[1] Research on the Impact of Sitting on Brain Health, ABC News, [accessed May 26, 2023][2] Sedentary Behavior and Dementia Risk, Neurology, [accessed May 26, 2023][3] The Effects of Reduced Cerebral Blood Flow on Dementia, Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, [accessed May 26, 2023][4] APOE-e4 allele and Alzheimer's disease risk, Alzheimer's & Dementia, [accessed May 26, 2023][5] Active Sitting and Its Benefits for Brain Health, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, [accessed May 26, 2023]
Community policy regarding health-and-wellness could advocate for vocational training programs that promote regular movement and active breaks during work hours as a proactive measure against Brain Shrinkage and potential dementia risk, especially among adults aged 50 and above.
Additionally, mental-health and health-and-wellness therapies-and-treatments could be expanded to include education about the risks of prolonged sitting and the benefits of regular movement, with a focus on supporting science-based strategies that foster brain health preservation.
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