Discussions ongoing for proposed changes
In a significant move, Germany partially legalized cannabis in mid-2024, allowing adults to possess up to 25 grams and cultivate three plants at home. This phased approach, which includes the establishment of cannabis cultivation clubs, marked a historic step for the country [1][2][5]. However, the commercial supply phase has faced political delays, with the government conducting an open-ended evaluation of the cannabis legalization law scheduled for fall 2025.
Current Regulations and Changes
The medical cannabis program has seen a significant surge in demand, with imports rising 170% in 2024 and continuing to increase into 2025—over 37 metric tonnes imported in Q1 2025 alone [2][3]. To address concerns about medical cannabis prescriptions, the Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) proposed a draft bill in mid-2025 aimed at tightening regulations. This includes banning online prescriptions without prior in-person doctor consultation and prohibiting postal-order pharmacy delivery, requiring physical pharmacy pick-up instead [1][3].
Challenges Faced
The surge in privately paid medical cannabis prescriptions, often facilitated by online telemedicine platforms lacking face-to-face contact, has been linked to the rising import volume without a proportional increase in insurance-covered prescriptions [1][2]. Proposed restrictions on telemedicine prescriptions and mail delivery could limit patient access and potentially slow the industry's growth, drawing criticism for possibly harming patients depending on convenient access [3].
Future Outlook
The cannabis legalization law is under an extensive evaluation (EKOCAN project) examining impacts on youth protection, general health, and cannabis-related crime, which will guide potential policy updates post-fall 2025 [5]. The government appears poised to adjust the legalization framework to balance regulation, public health concerns, and market development. The phased legalization approach means further legislative and regulatory changes are expected, especially concerning commercial cannabis supply and medical cannabis accessibility.
Local Developments in Wuppertal
In Wuppertal, local pharmacies and medical practices have shown interest in further training to better advise patients about medical cannabis. Some medical practices and pharmacies in the city already have experience in medical cannabis, and self-help groups provide information and support for those seeking medical cannabis, particularly for pain patients [4].
Practical questions regarding the establishment of cultivation associations and the control of regulations are being asked in Wuppertal. Groups interested in forming cultivation associations have already formed, and discussions with the city administration are ongoing to find suitable spaces, concepts, and contact persons for potential cultivation associations [4].
The Debate Continues
The debate over the future of cannabis in Germany is far from over. Conservative parts of the CDU and AfD have demanded restrictions or reversals of the new cannabis legalization, citing health risks, growing addictive behavior, and impacts on traffic safety [1]. On the other hand, some advocate for the future sale of cannabis in licensed stores, similar to Canada and parts of the USA, but this is only permitted in a few model regions [4].
Ensuring that minors do not have access to cannabis and preventing the proliferation of strong varieties with high THC content are ongoing discussions [4]. The University of Wuppertal could potentially play a role in future research projects or developing information offers related to cannabis.
In summary, Germany has made a historic step with adult-use cannabis legalization but is currently recalibrating its medical cannabis regulations to tighten controls on prescriptions and distribution due to rapid market growth and health concerns. The full effect of legalization awaits the conclusion of ongoing evaluations and the fall 2025 government review, which will determine future regulatory changes [1][2][3][5]. The future of cannabis in Germany will be determined by practical experiences and political reactions to consumption behavior and health consequences.
- In light of the increasing demand for medical cannabis prescriptions and concerns about health and wellness, the Federal Ministry of Health proposed a draft bill in mid-2025 to tighten regulations, which include banning online prescriptions without prior in-person consultation and prohibiting mail-order pharmacy delivery.
- The University of Wuppertal could potentially play a significant role in future research projects or developing information offers related to cannabis, particularly in the areas of medical-conditions and health-and-wellness, given the ongoing debates about the future of cannabis in Germany.
