Dermatologist Websites Sunscreen Safety Concerns Clarified
Sunscreen Safety: Debunking Common Misconceptions
Amidst online claims that sunscreen could potentially harm the skin or expose users to toxic substances, it is essential to separate fact from fiction. While social media influencers can have a significant impact on public opinion, it is unwise to discard sunscreen before your next beach outing. Unprotected exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays can cause premature aging, sunburns, and an increased risk of skin cancer, specifically those caused by UVB rays.
Dr. Lindsay Gunnell, a dermatologist at UW Medicine and Fred Hutch Cancer Center, provides insight into the safety of sunscreen and addresses common misconceptions circulating online.
Q: Is sunscreen toxic?
Dr. Gunnell acknowledges that numerous myths about sunscreen proliferate on social media, with some individuals questioning its safety. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) generally recognizes titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, mineral-based sunscreen components, as safe for the skin. Chemical sunscreens, including ingredients like oxybenzone, avobenzone, octisalate, octocrylene, homosalate, and octinoxate, are equally effective and have a long history of safety. While concerns have been raised about the body's absorption of these substances, no associated adverse effects have been observed with the tiny amounts that are absorbed.
Q: Does sunscreen block vitamin D from the sun?
It is a common concern that sunscreen might inhibit the production of vitamin D in the skin. While it is true that UVB rays are required for vitamin D synthesis, no sunscreen blocks 100% of rays, and only minimal UVB exposure is needed to produce adequate vitamin D. Most individuals using sunscreen still make enough vitamin D. However, those with deeply pigmented skin or specific conditions may need to check their vitamin D levels. Vitamin D can also be obtained through diet or supplements.
Q: Other tips for protecting skin from the sun?
Dr. Gunnell advises against relying solely on one layer of sunscreen for all-day protection. Sunscreen should be applied every hour when sweating or swimming and every two hours for non-wet activities. Sun avoidance, clothing with an ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of 50+, and hats or sunglasses are additional protective measures. When incorporating sunscreen into a skincare routine, apply thinner products first, such as serums or thin moisturizers, followed by sunscreen. Do not forget often-missed areas like the ears, neck, and the backs of hands, which frequently develop skin cancers.
In conclusion, while there are concerns about certain sunscreen ingredients, the benefits of sunscreen use generally outweigh the risks, particularly given the established dangers of unprotected sun exposure. When choosing sunscreen products, opt for those with ingredients recognized as safe, like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. Sunscreen should be used as part of a broader sun protection strategy that includes clothing, hats, sunglasses, and seeking shade, especially during peak sunlight hours. Ongoing research may refine these recommendations, but current advice supports sunscreen use to reduce skin cancer risk.
- Despite claims suggesting toxicity, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers both mineral-based and chemical sunscreen components safe for the skin.
- Contrary to popular belief, sunscreen does not entirely inhibit vitamin D production; only minimal UVB exposure is required to produce adequate vitamin D levels for most individuals.
- In addition to sunscreen, an effective sun protection strategy includes sun avoidance, clothing with a high ultravoid protection factor (UPF), hats or sunglasses, and regular application of sunscreen, with emphasis on overlooked areas like the ears, neck, and the backs of hands.
