Beach-dwelling 'flesh-consuming bacteria' thrive with potential danger. Guidelines for staying safe.
In recent news, health authorities have issued advisories regarding the increasing cases of Vibrio vulnificus and Naegleria fowleri, often referred to as the "flesh-eating bacteria" and "brain-eating amoeba" respectively.
Vibrio vulnificus, a bacterium commonly found in warm saltwater, poses a risk to those who consume undercooked or raw seafood, particularly shellfish such as oysters. The bacteria can also cause infection through open wounds, making it crucial for individuals with cuts or sores to take extra precautions when coming into contact with saltwater or brackish water.
In Florida, the most recent known cases of Vibrio vulnificus infections were reported in 2025, with 13 cases registered, eight of which proved fatal. To minimize the risk, health officials advise avoiding cross-contamination of cooked seafood and other foods with raw seafood and juices from raw seafood.
Another microscopic threat, Naegleria fowleri, is a water-borne amoeba that thrives in warm fresh water sources like lakes and streams. This amoeba can infect the brain and destroy brain tissue, often causing fatal infections. It has been detected in poorly maintained pools, splash pads, and even tap water.
To protect against Naegleria fowleri, it's recommended to avoid jumping or diving into fresh water without holding your nose or wearing a nose clip. Additionally, when participating in water activities, it's important to avoid digging in shallow water as the ameba is more likely to live there.
To prevent infections from both Vibrio vulnificus and Naegleria fowleri, it's essential to maintain good hygiene practices. This includes washing hands with soap and water after handling raw shellfish, covering open wounds and cuts with a waterproof bandage if they could come in contact with contaminated water, and seeking immediate medical attention for infected wounds.
Furthermore, both Vibrio vulnificus and Naegleria fowleri are fueled by warm temperatures and may be becoming more prevalent due to climate change. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports about 40 infections nationwide from 2011 to 2022, with Florida experiencing a significant rise this year, with at least four deaths and seven illnesses reported.
It's important to note that Vibrio vulnificus cannot penetrate unharmed skin and can only enter through an existing break. In the case of Naegleria fowleri, infection occurs when the ameba enters the body through the nose. Therefore, it's crucial not to drink water where the ameba is present, as it can only cause infection through the nose.
Stay informed, stay safe, and enjoy the water responsibly. Always follow health and safety guidelines when participating in water activities to minimize the risk of infection from these microscopic threats.
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